Many of the avenues still remain painted in pink, giving Jaipur a distinctive appearance and the epithet Pink city. ĭuring the rule of Sawai Ram Singh I, the city was painted pink to welcome HRH Albert Edward, Prince of Wales (who later became King Edward VII, Emperor of India), in 1876. Huge ramparts were built, pierced by seven fortified gates. The city was divided into nine blocks, two of which contained the state buildings and palaces, with the remaining seven allotted to the public. Hence much of it resembles architecture styles from around the Muslim world. The architecture of the city was heavily influenced by the 17th century architectural renaissance during Mughal rule in Northern India. The construction of the city began in 1726 and took four years to complete the major roads, offices, and palaces. Under the architectural guidance of Vidyadhar Bhattacharya, Jaipur was planned based on the principles of Vastu Shastra and Shilpa Shastra. Jai Singh consulted several books on architecture and architects while planning the layout of Jaipur.
He planned to shift his capital from Amber, 11 kilometres (7 mi) to Jaipur to accommodate the growing population and increasing scarcity of water. The city of Jaipur was founded by the King of Amber, Maharaja Sawai Jai Singh II on 18 November 1727, who ruled from 1699 to 1743. The city is also home to the UNESCO World Heritage Sites Amer Fort and Jantar Mantar. On 6 July 2019, UNESCO World Heritage Committee inscribed Jaipur the "Pink City of India" among its World Heritage Sites. It also serves as a gateway to other tourist destinations in Rajasthan such as Jodhpur, Jaisalmer, Bharatpur, Udaipur, Kota and Mount Abu. Jaipur is a popular tourist destination in India and forms a part of the west Golden Triangle tourist circuit along with Delhi and Agra (240 km, 149 mi). After independence in 1947, Jaipur was made the capital of the newly formed state of Rajasthan. During the British Colonial period, the city served as the capital of Jaipur State. It was one of the earliest planned cities of modern India, designed by Vidyadhar Bhattacharya. Jaipur was founded in 1727 by the Kachhwaha Rajput ruler Jai Singh II, the ruler of Amer, after whom the city is named.
It is located 268 km (167 miles) from the national capital New Delhi. It is also known as the Paris of India, and C. Jaipur is also known as the Pink City, due to the dominant colour scheme of its buildings. As of 2011, the city had a population of 3.1 million, making it the tenth most populous city in the country. Jaipur ( / ˈ dʒ aɪ p ʊər/ ( listen) Hindi: जयपुर), formerly Jeypore, is the capital and largest city of the Indian state of Rajasthan.
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